Surgical stage I and II
The treatment of ovarian cancer depends on the stage of disease. In stages I and II, both ovaries and both fallopian tubes and the uterus to be removed to remove the tumor safely as a whole. Also, the adjacent lymph nodes are examined in general, with distance and the presence of metastases out. A histological examination is usually carried out only during the operation (so-called frozen section, where the surgical team is still reported as a result of the surgery). A biopsy before surgery, for example through a puncture is not recommended, it could lead to a slight violation of the tumor and thus to the spread of tumor cells.
Operation stages III and IV
Even in the stages III and IV, a complete removal of the ovarian tumor is possible in principle. However, it may be the extra distance of the peritoneum, the infected portions of the intestine and possibly the spleen is required, depending on the tumor extent and delocalization of metastases. As often the appendix of tumor cells is infected, it is generally removed with as a precautionary measure, if it still exists.
Reduce the tumor mass
Complete tumor removal is not possible, the surgeon seeks to reduce the tumor mass as much as possible. This reduces the one hand, the pressure on neighboring organs such as ureters and intestine, other better conditions for subsequent chemotherapy to be created.
Prognosis correlated with the intensity of tumor reduction
Moreover, the statistical probability of survival depends on the extent of tumor reduction. To live by the affected patients with total tumor removal after 5 years on average about 50 - 60 percent, with a residual tumor less than 2 cm approximately 30 - 40 percent and a residual tumor> 2 cm less than 10 percent. In this context it is particularly important that it succeeds in experienced hospitals or university clinics focus on how often a better tumor shrinkage, which has a correspondingly favorable impact on prognosis. Therefore, no patient should be afraid to ask for a suitably experienced hospital and another hospital where the surgery.
Chemotherapy
After the surgery closes normally containing chemotherapy. This serves to complete removal of the tumor by killing the body of residual, microscopic tumor cells. If not completely removed tumor, chemotherapy can lead to downsizing of the tumor remains. Even after re-occurrence of ovarian cancer after initial successful treatment (relapse) is usually chemotherapy is used.
Radiotherapy is useful only in individual cases.
The treatment of ovarian cancer depends on the stage of disease. In stages I and II, both ovaries and both fallopian tubes and the uterus to be removed to remove the tumor safely as a whole. Also, the adjacent lymph nodes are examined in general, with distance and the presence of metastases out. A histological examination is usually carried out only during the operation (so-called frozen section, where the surgical team is still reported as a result of the surgery). A biopsy before surgery, for example through a puncture is not recommended, it could lead to a slight violation of the tumor and thus to the spread of tumor cells.
Operation stages III and IV
Even in the stages III and IV, a complete removal of the ovarian tumor is possible in principle. However, it may be the extra distance of the peritoneum, the infected portions of the intestine and possibly the spleen is required, depending on the tumor extent and delocalization of metastases. As often the appendix of tumor cells is infected, it is generally removed with as a precautionary measure, if it still exists.
Reduce the tumor mass
Complete tumor removal is not possible, the surgeon seeks to reduce the tumor mass as much as possible. This reduces the one hand, the pressure on neighboring organs such as ureters and intestine, other better conditions for subsequent chemotherapy to be created.
Prognosis correlated with the intensity of tumor reduction
Moreover, the statistical probability of survival depends on the extent of tumor reduction. To live by the affected patients with total tumor removal after 5 years on average about 50 - 60 percent, with a residual tumor less than 2 cm approximately 30 - 40 percent and a residual tumor> 2 cm less than 10 percent. In this context it is particularly important that it succeeds in experienced hospitals or university clinics focus on how often a better tumor shrinkage, which has a correspondingly favorable impact on prognosis. Therefore, no patient should be afraid to ask for a suitably experienced hospital and another hospital where the surgery.
Chemotherapy
After the surgery closes normally containing chemotherapy. This serves to complete removal of the tumor by killing the body of residual, microscopic tumor cells. If not completely removed tumor, chemotherapy can lead to downsizing of the tumor remains. Even after re-occurrence of ovarian cancer after initial successful treatment (relapse) is usually chemotherapy is used.
Radiotherapy is useful only in individual cases.
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